Capturing a portion of the $140-billion land and property value uplift around proposed future high speed rail stations could help the project essentially pay for itself.
A study by the University of New South Wales investigated how the generation of a high-speed passenger rail service could create thriving liveable cities and funding for infrastructure along its route.
Progress has been made on an inland rail route between Brisbane and Melbourne, mostly for the transportation of goods, which is expected to begin service in 2027, however, the high-speed rail plans, proposed in 2013, have stalled.
The dual-line that would pass through Sydney and Canberra would cost more than $114 billion and could be operational by 2058, however, changes to polices could bring this forward.
The City Futures Research Centre study showed “value capture” policies, including betterment levies, developer charges or taxes on property transactions based on property uplift could fund its construction.
These styles of policies partially funded the Sydney Harbour Bridge’s construction as well as the more recent Crossrial project in London.
Across Australia, land and properties around new rail stations have experienced significant increases in value, prompting development in the surrounding area.
Potential property value uplift near high-speed rail stations
| Station | Existing value per hectare of rural land | Future value per hectare (sales minus development cost) | Value uplift per hectare | Value uplift per dwelling |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Gold Coast | $300,000 | $3,284,994 | $2,984,994 | $218,502 |
| Casino | $38,818 | $769,016 | $730,197 | $53,450 |
| Grafton | $37,321 | $153,685 | $116,364 | $8,518 |
| Coffs Harbour | $103,855 | $4,597,916 | $4,494,061 | $328,965 |
| Port Macquarie | $47,469 | $4,505,008 | $4,457,539 | $326,292 |
| Taree | $58,824 | $5,206,433 | $5,147,610 | $376,805 |
| Newcastle | $231,827 | $6,785,678 | $6,553,851 | $479,742 |
| Central Coast | $129,938 | $7,993,291 | $7,863,353 | $575,597 |
| Southern Highlands | $298,359 | $7,946,837 | $7,648,478 | $559,869 |
| Wagga Wagga | $56,529 | $4,690,824 | $4,634,295 | $339,230 |
| Albury Wodonga | $65,063 | $880,165 | $815,102 | $59,665 |
| Shepparton | $65,000 | $2,157,033 | $2,092,033 | $153,137 |
^Source: UNSW City Futures Research Centre, High Speed Rail Value Uplift, Preliminary Investigation Report
UNSW professor Christopher Pettit said a substantial proportion of this value uplift could pay for a huge amount of the high-speed rail.
“You would be looking at tens of billions of dollars just from the residential value uplift alone, without even factoring in commercial, industrial and other beneficiaries,” Pettit said.
“We expect the values to be a conservative approach to estimation and that the total value uplift could actually be higher.
“This is while still factoring in a profit for the developers after all the external costs, including stamp duty, legal fees and building costs.
“Some of that value capture could also be used to invest into housing affordability schemes. It doesn’t necessarily all need to go towards the infrastructure.
“It’s about ensuring that growth and benefits can be fairly and equitably distributed with maximum value.”
Pettit conducted the research with postgraduate researchers Will Thackway and Reg Wade.
The aim was to provide data for policy- and decision-makers to explore growth scenarios and make informed decisions based on big data and analytics.
Property and infrastructure group advisor James Abbott endorsed the creation of such a rail line, which would have an outsized economic and social impact on regional cities.
“A nation-building infrastructure project like this will go a long way to alleviating supply issues while supporting regional economic development and improved connectivity,” the managing director of Abbott Advisory said.
